中欧班列（长沙）全国首创“多式联运一单制”

Recently, a pilot project for issuing negotiable cargo documents (NCDs) has completed full-process closed-loop testing, marking the launch of China's first "single-document multimodal transport" model for the China-Europe freight train service in Changsha. The pilot project was coordinated by the Changsha Logistics and Port Office, led by the Central South China International Land Port, and jointly implemented by China Merchants Bank and Hunan Pilot International Trade Co., Ltd.

近日，由长沙市物流口岸办统筹，中南国际陆港牵头，联合招商银行、湖南先导国贸共同开展的NCD单证签发试点项目完成全流程闭环测试，标志着全国首个中欧班列“多式联运一单制”模式在长沙落地。

The United Nations General Assembly adopted the United Nations Convention on Negotiable Cargo Documents on December 15, marking the official birth of a new type of document of title—NCDs. The convention was initially proposed by China's Ministry of Commerce in 2019, with China Merchants Group participating throughout its formulation. For the first time, the convention extends the applicability of negotiable documents from traditional maritime transport to all modes of transport, providing institutional support for the development of international multimodal transport.

12月15日，联合国大会表决通过《联合国可转让货物单证公约》，标志着新型货物权利凭证——可转让货物单证（NCD单证）正式诞生。该公约由我国商务部于2019年牵头提案，招商局集团全程参与制定，首次将可转让单证的适用范围从传统海运拓展至所有运输方式，为国际多式联运发展提供了制度支撑。

As the country's first pilot project for issuing NCDs, the China-Europe (Changsha) freight train service has innovatively introduced the "single-document multimodal transport" model, effectively addressing the problem facing the industry that railway waybills cannot serve as documents of title. During the trial phase, the Hunan-based enterprise Hunan Pilot International Trade Co., Ltd. conducted grain import transactions using NCDs, successfully achieving full-process closed-loop operations covering transport, delivery, and financing, thereby solving the "last mile" problem of international trade.

作为全国首个NCD单证签发试点，中欧班列（长沙）创新推出的“多式联运一单制”模式，直击铁路运单无法作为物权凭证的行业痛点。试点期间，湖南本土企业先导国贸依托NCD单证开展进口粮食贸易，顺利实现运输、交收、融资全流程闭环操作，打通了国际贸易“最后一公里”。

Compared to traditional models, NCDs possess clear attributes of property rights, allowing enterprises to use the documents to control and take delivery of the goods. This significantly enhances supply chain controllability and trade flexibility. Banks can also provide financing services such as letters of credit to enterprises based on these documents, effectively mobilizing in-transit cargo assets and helping enterprises reduce overall logistics and financing costs.

相较于传统模式，NCD单证具备明确物权属性，企业可凭单控货、凭单提货，大幅提升供应链可控性与贸易灵活性；银行也可基于单证为企业提供信用证等融资服务，有效盘活在途货物资产，助力企业降低综合物流与融资成本。